General chemistry

meaning:
Is A branch of chemistry that deals with behaviour and characters of electrons.

It specifically deal with electrons occupying space in an atom. Since electrons occur in the orbit/ shell at the region called orbital, there fore, The orbital of an atom is simply that region with maximum possibility of locating electron.
see figure #01 below.

Figure #01. the entire region surrounded by the shells is an orbital usually outside central dark spot

This topic also deals with electron of atom which occurs in a chemical compound. It entails the following major aspects.
 °Atomic structure.
 °Atomic spectrum & H – spectrum.
 °Wave mechanics.
 °Chemical bonding.

Atomic structure.
Atomic structure deals with structure and component of an atom.

Earlier Dalton (scientist) discovered that matter is made up of small particles called atoms. The term atom refers to indivisible particles. Later, different scientists put forward atomic models to modify the former. These atomic models account for the
atomic structure.

There are several atomic models which include the following:-
° Dalton’s atomic theory.
° Thompson’s atomic theory.
° Bohr’s atomic model.
° Rutherford atomic model.
° Wave particles duality nature of matter.
° Heisenberg uncertainty principle.

Dalton’s  atomic theory

Dalton’s atomic theory includes the following main points:-
i. Matter is made up of small indivisible particles called atoms.

ii. Atom can neither be created nor destroyed.

iii. Atoms of the same elements are similar in their compositions especially in mass.
iv. Atoms of different elements differ in their compositions especially in mass.
v. When atoms of different elements combine they do so in small ratios of whole numbers.

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